At 10 moves, there are already a few algs with little discernible structure, and I believe most of the ≥11-movers just look like nonsense.
That said, there are common patterns to a lot of short last layer algs.
Some are (3-cycle) commutators:
r U R' U' r' F R F' = [L, F R' F']
R U R' U' R' F R F' = [Lw, F R' F']
These ones are generally 3-cycles, although sometimes the AUF causes it to not be a 3-cycle (e.g. AUF-less Niklas L' U R U' L U R'). If the commutator involves the corners, it must be adj CP.
Some are sexy-move or sledgehammer setups:
F R U R' U' F' = [F : R U R' U']
R U R' U R U2 R' = [R U : R' U R U']
R U2 R2 F R F' R U2 R' = [R U2 R' : R' F R F']
r U2 R2 F R F' R U2 r' = [r U2 R' : R' F R F']
These ones are always 2c'2c'3e, although with AUF it could become something else. These are always either solved CP or diag CP. Quite a few diag ZBLL algs falls in this category.
Some are setups into U/U2/U':
R U' R2 D' r U2 r' D R2 U R' = [R U' R2 D' r : U2]
F' R D2 R' F U2 F' R D2 R' F = [F' R D2 R' F : U2]
R' F2 R2 U2 R' F2 R U2 R2 F2 R = [R' F2 R2 U2 R' : F2]
F R U' R' U2 R U R' F' = [F R U' R' : U2] (not optimal! optimal for this 1LLL is F R U' R' F' L' U L)
The setups to half turns are always 2c2c2e2e, so like the previous category, they're always solved CP or diag CP.
Some involve taking out F2L pairs and reinserting them.
R U R' U R U2 R' (remove FR pair and reinsert) (note: this is the second time Sune is showing up here; these categories are not disjoint!)
R U2 R2 U' R2 U' R2 U2 R (remove FR pair, remove BR pair, insert FR pair, insert BR pair)
If you want to cancel moves between the pairs, the only option is between R U* R' and R' U* R triggers, which leads to many 2-gen algs being in this category, which in turn means many of the short algs here have solved CP. Some of the ones that don't are 3-cycle commutators in disguise, e.g. Niklas.
Some are cancellations of more basic algs:
R' F' U' F U' R U R' U R = (R' F' U' F U R) (R' U2 R U R' U R)
R U R' U R' U' R2 U' R2 U2 R = (R U R' U R U2 R') (R U2 R2 U' R2 U' R2 U2 R)
If the building blocks are all solved CP or diag CP, then the alg combo also has to be one of the two.
Some are cyclic shifts of other short, "low-piece-count" algs like J perm (2c2e):
R U' L U L' R' U2 L U L'
r U2 R2 F R F' R U2 r' = [r U2 : R2 F R F' R U2 r' U r U2] U'
These ones have some AUF that will solve most pieces.
Edge permutation is kind of a mess, but the Z perm kind of EP (opposite edge swap) is relatively rare among short ZBLLs (only three of the 10-movers have opposite edge swap iirc). On the other hand, opposite edge swap for some reason is fairly common among dot OLLs (necessarily at least 11 moves):
R U2 R2 F R F' U2 R' F R F' (has other 11-move solutions)
[r' D R2 U R' : U2]
[R' U2 r U' r' : U2]
L R F R2 U2 R2 U2 R2 U2 F' L' R' = [L R F : R2 U2 R2 U2 R2 U2]
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There kind of are common patterns, but the patterns aren't strong enough that you can cleanly categorise them as e.g. "solved CP cases are much better" or the like.
