As a fellow colorblind cuber, it can affect your solving speed depending on the particular shades. For example, I used to have a terrible time with Moyu shades, and I had to buy custom shades for my Aolong V2.
To tell if this is a legitimate problem for you, take a few different pictures of your cube. Then, import these pictures into a tool which can mimic colorblindness. One such tool is made by Lucas Garron, this one didn't really work for me, but it's a neat web based tool. The link for this tool is
here. For android phones, an app called CVSimulator has helped me quite a bit.
You'll want to find a colorblind simulator tool which makes it so you can't even tell a filter has been put on. So just run it through the simulator and show it to a non colorblind friend or family member. If they say the colors are drastically different, that is most likely an issue.
For reference, this is what an older Moyu cube looks like to me (the bottom one). If they look the same to you, then that probably answers your question without going through this whole process.
In the case that the shades are an issue for you, you can try out new shades on a virtual cube such as CSTimer to see if you like them. Virtual cubes do take a little to get used to, but they are free to try out and it's worth doing if you have any interest in virtual solving.