With modern methods, and solvers who know what they're doing, the answer appears to be no. The first time I took up cubing, in 1982, things were different. My time on the 3x3 was 10 min. with a cobbled-together method when I started solving the 4x4. I didn't touch the 3x3 again until I could solve the 4x4 in 15 min. When I returned to the 3x3, I could do it in 3 minutes. I was disappointed when I re-learned everything 35 years later and didn't get any improvement from the 4x4.