It's a good question really. I'm unsure if cubing attracts a certain kind of person, or if cubing shapes people in a similar way.
Nonetheless, after over 10 years of solving these puzzles, I still find myself solving it everyday. I've found that it requires consistent thought and practice to improve, which is a principle that applies to so many things in life. If cubing can teach you that consistent, tiny improvements leads you closer to a goal, than that concept is incredibly important in life.
Additionally, the idea of "the obstacle is the way" or deliberate practice leading to improvement is a big lesson learned from cubing. When learning algs, practicing BLD for the first time, etc., it is somewhat hard mentally and sometimes seems nearly impossible. However, with lots of practice and hindsight, it is obvious that the times when I learned most and improved most were through the times where it seemed hard. To parallel this with language learning, I've found that when I'm studying vocab, utilizing new words, etc., it is hard, but that is where the real improvements are. Cubing has taught me this is the case with almost everything.
I think aside from the vast enjoyment cubing has brought me, the cool people that it's brought together, and the places it's gave me a reason to travel to, the idea of practice is what has been applied to my life in so many areas. And people who cube, more often than not, really understand this - because it requires a lot of practice to become fast at these puzzles.