FMC = Fewest Moves Challenge.
Source.
+2 is a time penalty of two seconds when a competitor does one of the following eight things:
- The competitor inspects for longer than 15 seconds but not exceeding 17 seconds.
- The competitor starts the timer while touching the puzzle.
- The competitor starts the timer while the puzzle is resting on the timer.
- The competitor starts the timer with incorrect hand placement, where correct hand placement is with fingers on sensors and palms down.
- The competitor stops the timer with incorrect hand placement, where correct hand placement is with fingers on sensors and palms down.
- The competitor stops the timer without fully releasing the puzzle.
- The competitor stops the timer while the puzzle is misaligned within one move in Outer Block Turn Metric (exception: Rubik's Clock).
- The competitor, after stopping the timer but before the judge inspects the puzzle's resting state, touches the puzzle without making any moves (at the discretion of the judge).
These time penalties can accumulate to as much as a 16-second penalty.
DNF stands for "Did Not Finish", which is used in many different scenarios. The
WCA Regulations has articulated the DNF-able situations. Results can be retroactively DNFed due to investigation as well.
Of course, these judgments (+2 and DNF) are only the standard for official WCA competitions. There is debate whether or not to include these judgments while doing solves outside of competition, but it comes down to personal preference.